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The Sudan Situation Is Apparently Irrelevant

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Robert Cohen - 08 Sep 2004 19:13 GMT
some absurd thoughts and other totally outrageous observations

10. It's a civil war, and thus none of my business to worry about or to utilize
polemically

9. It's a-ok there because the competent United Nations has been as usual
performing
admirably there

8. There is no racism within the Sudan conflict phenomenon (by some kind of
dishonest esoteric definition or something)

7. Because a third or fourth world country's presiding native (non-colonialist)
government can't be racist by definition or whatever the nonsense

6. The worldwide news media have nearly all extensively reported and
regularly/daily emphasized the deaths and degradations in the Sudan more than
anywhere else, except that ugly chaos in Switzerland between the dominating,
exploitative money-grubbing chocolate candy manufacturers and the minority
pitiful clockmakers
seeking justice & equal rights

5.  The Sudan situation is neither a war about oil economics, nor culture, nor
racialism, nor religion--it's simply about ownership of territory, stupid

4. The Durban Conference on racism a couple of years ago took due cognizance of
the Sudan, because everybody wants to be fair & understannding of everybody
else, especially the delegates whom spoke so courageously at Durbin about the
true racialism

3. aw, screw it

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Robert Cohen - 09 Sep 2004 16:26 GMT
this is an american newspaper's version of the sudan situation (published
today)

http://www.nynewsday.com/news/nationworld/nation/nyc-wodafur0910,0,794839.
story?coll=nyc-nationhome-headlines

i would like to read (in english, please) an arabic/persian version
(lebanese,or saudi, or egyptian, or iranian, or al jeezera et cetera
newspaper's version)

such might lead to a very interesting history n.g. discussion about
subjectiveness, fairness, intellectual honesty, horseshit, exaggeration,
distortion of news/reality/belief/fact

notice the article in the newsday newspaper does openly discuss the "r" word in
reference to an  accusation
Robert Cohen - 09 Sep 2004 16:37 GMT
COPYRIGHTED BY NEWSDAY & ASSOCIATED PRESS

Powell: Sudan Abuses Qualify As Genocide

By GEORGE GEDDA
Associated Press Writer

September 9, 2004, 10:14 AM EDT

WASHINGTON -- Secretary of State Colin Powell said Thursday that abuses by
government-supported Arab militias in Sudan qualify as genocide against the
black African population in the Darfur region -- a determination that should
pressure the government to rein in the fighters.

Powell told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee the conclusion was based on
interviews conducted with refugees from the Darfur violence as well as other
evidence.

"We concluded that genocide has been committed in Darfur and that the
government of Sudan and the Janjaweed (Arab militias) bear responsibility --
and genocide may still be occurring," he said.

He added that that as a contracting party to an international genocide
convention, Sudan is obliged to prevent and punish acts of genocide.

"To us, at this time, it appears that Sudan has failed to do so," he said.

Powell noted that Article VIII of the convention provides that parties to the
accord may call on the United Nations to take such action under the U.N.
charter "as they consider appropriate for the prevention and suppression of
acts of genocide ... ."

Powell called on the United Nations to undertake a full investigation.

"To this end, the U.S. will propose that the next U.N. Security Council
resolution on Sudan request a U.N. investigation into all violations of
international humanitarian law and human rights law that have occurred in
Darfur, with a view to ensuring accountability," he said.

He said the evidence corroborates the specific intent of perpetrators to
destroy a "group in whole or part."

The State Department said in a report released Thursday that the 1,136
interviews by U.S. officials with Darfur refugees revealed a "consistent and
widespread pattern of atrocities committed against non-Arab villagers."

The interview project was partly intended to help the Bush administration
determine whether the abuses in Darfur should be classified as genocide.

The interviews with the refugees took place over a five-week period this summer
in Chad, which borders on Sudan.

"Most respondents said government forces, militia fighters, or a combination of
both had completely destroyed their villages," the department's report said. It
said 61 percent witnessed the killing of a family member, 16 percent said they
had been raped or had heard about a rape victim.

"About one-third of the refugees heard racial epithets while under attack," it
said, adding that four-fifths reported their livestock was stolen and nearly
half said their personal property was looted.

The administration has said that as a result of actions by government-backed
militias, tens of thousands of Darfur residents have died and more than 1.2
million have been displaced from their homes.

At the United Nations on Wednesday, the United States circulated a draft that
calls for a stronger international force to monitor the situation in Darfur.

The resolution also would threaten punitive action against the country's oil
exports if the government doesn't act quickly to stop militia attacks and
improve the security situation.

The two rebel movements -- the Sudanese Liberation Army and the Justice, Equity
Movement -- draw their support from African tribes in the Darfur region. The
Sudanese government is accused of backing the Janjaweed in an effort to stamp
out the rebellion, a charge the government denies.

State Department spokesman Richard Boucher said Wednesday the attacks on
Darfur's villages have followed a familiar pattern.

The assaults, he said, begin with bombing raids by government aircraft on
villages. Trucks with government soldiers and then Janjaweed militias on
horseback or camels arrive in the villages and surround them.

"People who flee are attacked and chased down, and the villages are looted and
burned," Boucher said. "That, unfortunately, has been a pattern that we've seen
again and again."

He said designating whether the situation in Darfur constitutes genocide "is a
matter of fact and law." Political considerations, such as whether any such
designation would help or harm U.S. efforts on behalf of Darfur's victims, play
only a minor role, he added.

Civil rights activist Jesse Jackson said in a telephone interview that, given
the grave humanitarian situation, the United States should deploy airplanes,
helicopters and trucks to the region to deliver relief supplies.

He also said Powell would be able to bring a quick end to the crisis if he
engaged in shuttle diplomacy between Darfur and the Sudanese capital of
Khartoum. Powell believes international pressure on the Sudanese government is
the best way to end the crisis.

The Darfur situation, Jackson said, is another example of excessive U.S.
patience in the face of a crisis involving Africans. Earlier examples, he said,
included American indifference to many years of racist rule in South Africa and
to the Rwanda genocide a decade ago.

Alluding to Darfur, Jackson said, "The sense of urgency obligates us to move
from analysis to action."
Copyright © 2004, The Associated Press

 

 
Ty - 09 Sep 2004 20:10 GMT
> this is an american newspaper's version of the sudan situation (published
> today)
[quoted text clipped - 12 lines]
> notice the article in the newsday newspaper does openly discuss the "r" word in
> reference to an  accusation

Well, the pro-government Arab militias continue to raid non-Arab villages.
The government refuses to actually disband these militias and will not allow
the African Union to send 3,000 peacekeepers into Darfur to do it. The US is
trying to get the UN to approve sanctions against Sudan, especially against
Sudan's million dollar a day oil sales. Of course, we all know how effective
sanctions have been. But as Carol Cleveland in certain Monty Python skits
said, "it's our only line."

And even the sanctions probably won't happen. China, which can veto the
effort, is a major investor in Sudan's young oil industry. Russia, which
also has a veto, is a major supplier of weapons, and other goods, to the
Sudan government.

In other words, nothing has changed. Sudan is comparing itself to Iraq,
which is more accurate than the Sudanese leadership intended. Saddam's Iraq
slaughtered hundreds of thousands of Iraqis who did not belong to the same
tribes as the ruling Baath Party. Same situation in Sudan. The ruling Arab
tribes are out to expel or kill the non-Arab tribes. But the Sudanese
leadership understands how the Arab media has painted Iraq as not the
expulsion of a mass murderer, but the invasion of an independent Arab
country by infidels (non-Moslems.) The Sudanese government spokesmen are
following the same line, downplaying the atrocities in Darfur, and playing
up the threat of invasion. Unfortunately, they'll probably get away with it.
The trouble is, the world -- especially Old Europe -- would rather talk than
act. The American invasion of Iraq offended many of the talkers, exposing
their lack of will to actually stop murder and tyranny. America hasn't got
the troops available to go into Darfur, and no one else has guts to do it.

So I don't expect much of a change.
Robert Cohen - 24 Sep 2004 02:26 GMT
7,000--10,000 (apparent) sudanese black (only?)  moslems per month are being
killed--seemingly to me, it's an on-going under-publicized outrageous racial
genocide

why is it being "under-publicized (if it is)?"

could it be because it's white moslems slaughtering black moslems (if indeed it
shamefully is)?

(apparently) this article below is copyrighted by the new republic, where i got
it, 2004

DAILY EXPRESS
Speak Easy
by Marisa Katz

   
Printer friendly
Only at TNR Online | Post date 09.23.04    E-mail this article

t wasn't until 1989 that the United States got around to ratifying the 1948
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. And,
since then, some Americans may have wondered why we even bothered. As Samantha
Power demonstrates in her authoritative history, A Problem from Hell: America
and the Age of Genocide, employing the term "genocide," for most of its
existence, has been a political taboo. Government officials have danced,
skirted, and run circles around it for fear that it would compel them to act. A
Defense Department memo on Rwanda, dated May 1, 1994, captured the general
sentiment when it warned: "Be Careful. Legal at State was worried about this
yesterday--Genocide finding could commit [the U.S. government] to actually 'do
something.'"

But with Secretary of State Colin Powell's labeling of the ongoing atrocities
in Darfur as genocide, the taboo has been lifted. We have entered a new
paradigm: Rather than avoid action by avoiding the term, we can now avoid
action by invoking it.

Government officials must have discovered that it helps when you actually read
what you sign on to. It turns out that the Genocide Convention's obligation to
"prevent and punish" extends only to the borders of one's own country. When
genocide is going on elsewhere in the world, contracting parties can name and
shame to their hearts' content without having to lift a finger. If they like,
they "may call upon the competent organs of the United Nations" to take
appropriate action. Powell made motions to that effect when he requested that
the U.N. "initiate a full investigation" (though calling for another
investigation, when the State Department has just completed interviews with
more than 1,000 Darfurian victims, seems a rather indirect and time-consuming
means of halting genocide). But such recourse is purely optional. After taking
the momentous step of using the "g-word," Powell reassured the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee that "no new action is dictated by this determination."

 



To be fair, the United States has done a good deal already when it comes to
Darfur. Our efforts, however, are far from exhausted. According to the latest
USAID figures, we have given $218 million in humanitarian assistance. That's
more than any other country in absolute numbers. Britain trails with $112
million allocated to the Darfur crisis. But in relative terms, we have only
given .002 percent of our GDP, whereas the British have given .007 percent of
theirs. Additionally, while we have used our political capital to win access
for relief workers and an expanded ceasefire-monitoring force, we have not
pressed for an expansion of that force's mandate so that it can protect
civilians. We have thanked the African Union for volunteering troops and
Nigeria for mediating negotiations between the Sudanese government and rebel
groups. Yet we have not volunteered troops of our own (2,000 of them are
stationed in nearby Djibouti) nor accepted an active role in the peace talks.
We have encouraged our Security Council colleagues to consider sanctions
against the Sudanese government if it refuses to quell the violence. But we
have already allowed Khartoum to miss one deadline without consequence. The oil
is flowing and the country is still sitting pretty as head of the U.N.
Commission on Human Rights. Our existing trade restrictions on Sudan limit how
much more economic pressure we can exert unilaterally. Still, the names of
Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir, National Security Chief Salah Abdallah Gosh,
and Janjaweed militia coordinator Musa Hilal have not been added to our list of
Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons. "We are not trying to
punish the Sudanese people or the Sudanese government. We're trying to save
lives," Powell said. But this is not a natural disaster. It's a premeditated,
elaborately orchestrated, man-made crisis--and deserves to be treated as such.

There have been many roads not taken. Yet Powell's genocide designation
obscured all that. The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum welcomed it as
"unprecedented and an important development." Members of Congress, who
themselves declared back in July that genocide was occurring in Darfur, were
able to pat themselves on the back for a job well done. "We acted early in this
body ... really unanimously said this is genocide," Senate Majority Leader Bill
Frist boasted. Kansas Senator Sam Brownback similarly conflated rhetoric and
action: "I think this is an enormously important time for the world, where we
are stepping up while a genocide is occurring and calling it as such to protect
the people there."

No doubt, when Raphael Lemkin coined and started to promote the term genocide,
he hoped it would acquire enough of a moral stigma to actually restrain
perpetrators and save lives. But Powell, in debunking the myth that the
genocide convention legally compels signatories to action, and by invoking the
word while making it explicit that no corresponding action is forthcoming, has
succeeded in diluting the convention of much of its moral power. The European
Union has since echoed the genocide allegation. (The EU had only recently shied
away from the term, claiming that its August fact-finding mission hadn't turned
up adequate evidence to warrant it. But, oh, how easy to say it once you know
that doing so compels no action!) And Sudan, not surprisingly, has dismissed
all allegations and continued about its business. "It would be difficult for
the U.S. or the Security Council of the United Nations to pass any sanctions on
Sudan," Foreign Minister Mustafa Osman Ismail assessed quite accurately.
Meanwhile, the World Health Organization estimates that between 6,000 and
10,000 Darfurians are dying each month.

And so it comes to this: Unless the United States, the European Union, and the
rest of the United Nations start to see past their legal responsibilities and
accept their moral ones, Khartoum could be just the first government to take
such a blasé attitude about accusations of genocide. And saying the word will
be just as cowardly as not saying anything at all.

Marisa Katz is a reporter-researcher at TNR.


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Robert Cohen - 27 Sep 2004 02:09 GMT
please try to read david brooks' column for some terrific on-point
sarcasm about these same under-publicized phenomena in the saturday
on-line issue of the nytimes, 25 sept 04

www.nytimes.com

i tried to re-post the virtual column to this thread, but apparently
nash-smashing gremlins at amc rambler 404ed it to oblivion (tho it
could later show-up in infinty with a '53 yellowish ambassador or my
brother's two-tone '51 metro)
Robert Cohen - 29 Sep 2004 02:09 GMT
it's this week's time magazine cover story

www.time.com
Robert Cohen - 29 Sep 2004 23:14 GMT
i found the following opinion piece (below) in the ARAB NEWS which i think is a
moderate saudi-based news company

i read it twice, and it seems to be saying:  The darfur conflict is relatively
minor and there is no on-going racial genocide in any case

i could find no sudan/darfur articles in AL JAZEERA, tho plenty of horrors
about palestine-israel & iraq

i suppose the darfur story treatment opinion contrast depicted in this thread
is an interesting  example of how history & reality & journalism & politics &
opinion & morality are subjectively constructed/interpreted/portrayed/played

if a reader thinks i'm distorting reality, perhaps exaggerating, making a dumb
& specious argument, & portraying something unfairly, then this is a wide-open
forum for such counter-argumentation

propaganda versus propaganda

emphasis upon one set of ideas versus emphasis on another set of ideas


Sunday, 26, September, 2004 (12, Sha`ban, 1425)  




  Mail Article   |      Print Article   |      Comment on Article
 
Darfur and Crusaders
Dr. Khaled M. Batarfi, kbatarfi@al-madina.com.sa
 
An American friend asked me what I meant when I claimed in a previous article
(Double Talk, Double Standards) that Evangelists collect billions to support
Christian revolts in the Muslim world. I gave him three examples: East Timor,
South Sudan and Darfur. He seemed to recognize the first two but not the last.
I had to explain:

In many wild parts of the globe there have been continuous struggles among
various groups for racial, economic and religious reasons. Darfur is a huge
countryside, the size of France. It has all kinds of tough terrains: Jungles,
deserts and mountains.

Most of its inhabitants, if not all, are Muslims. They come from Arab and
African origins. The Arabs are mostly nomads and Africans farmers. In dry
seasons, nomads move to farming areas to feed their camels and sheep. They
fight over rights. This is an ancient, global phenomenon.

It was worse when central governments were weaker, like before the present
government took over. In recent years the nomads got stronger because they
joined the state in fighting the southern revolt. After the peace accords, they
returned home veterans and well-armed. In their absence, some Africans revolted
with foreign help. Support comes from the same sources that sustained the
southerners — Evangelical organizations, neighboring countries and Israel.

The goal is to cut off the Arab Muslim Sudan from the rest of Africa. The state
called on the Arab nomads again, this time against their old rivals. Another
war ensued. Like in the southern war, the Western world took notice only when
the government forces seemed to be winning.

No one is denying that the situation is bad. Five thousand people were killed
or died from both sides, more from the insurgents. Both rivals committed
atrocities. The government should stop supporting the nomads, and the foreign
powers must cut off arms to the separatists.

Terrible as is, the situation has not reached the level of genocide, and the
government cannot alone improve the situation. More than 2,500 Iraqis were
killed in a month, half the number of people killed in Darfur in 18 months.
Close to a million (and counting) of Hutus and Tutsis were killed lately in
similar conflicts in Rwanda and Burundi.

The situation is worsening there, as well as in Iraq, Afghanistan, the occupied
Palestinian territories, Chechnya, Kashmir, Muslim parts of China and
Philippines.

No one is calling this genocide or charging the US and the concerned
governments of responsibility. Why only Sudan is the focus of all attention and
actions? Is it because in most other cases Muslims are the victims? Or is it
because all the right ingredients are present here: Oil, Islam, Arab, Israel
and the Bush-Blair crusade?! You tell me, my American friend!


 
  Mail Article   |      Print Article   |      Comment on Article
 
Prince Ahmed Bin Salman


Life of Prophet Muhammad


20 Years of King Fahd



 

Copyright: Arab News © 2003 All rights  

Robert Cohen - 02 Oct 2004 18:55 GMT
this article in the VILLAGE VOICE  (attempts to) debunks that darfur is very
much about racism

i do not know what the truth factually is; while  in the interest of
intellectual honesty, i perceive a rational rebuttal to the alleged racial
genocide is herein appropriately linked

meanwhile, i heard on the news yesterday that sudan is allowing-in some 3600
(non-arabic?, non-moslem?) african peacekeepers

bottomline: nuthin is simple and so damnably outright hypocritical as this
prolific  (and pro-israel) internet poster would sometimes perceive/portray it
to be

COMPLEXITIES/NUANCES & BUMPER STICKERS ARE OFTEN MUTUAL EXCLUSIVES


http://www.villagevoice.com/issues/0439/coates.php
Robert Cohen - 03 Oct 2004 12:15 GMT
interpreting pol-econ-soc dynamic reality is trying to understand ambiguity

i perceive/suggest to you that  the darfur situation of sudan, formerly "anglo
egyptian sudan," is an on-going analogy/metaphor for ______ (fill-in the blank
with a crisis, while no analogy is perfect)

last week  it seemed to be termed as  being "racial genocide" by colin powell

anyhow, here's today's ny times clarifying explanation/interpretation of the
now so-called "ethnic" conflict

moral of story for moi:  CAVEAT: USE CARE  IN  OVER-SIMPLIFYING COMPLICATED
HISTORIES WHEN POSTING ONE'S INHERENTLY HALF-BAKED SUBJECTIVE ANALYSES AS BEING
TRUTH/REALITY

copyrighted nytimes 2004

In Sudan, No Clear Difference Between Arab and African
By SOMINI SENGUPTA

Published: October 3, 2004

HARTOUM, Sudan — ABDALLA ADAM KHATIR, 50, is from Darfur, in western Sudan.

His grandmother was an Arab, her grandfather was a member of an African tribe.
He calls himself an African.

As a boy in Kabkabiya, deep in the heart of Darfur, he traveled three days by
camel caravan to reach the nearest town with an intermediate school. The
caravan was led by an Arab, but at no point did he or his family feel unsafe.

As a student here in the capital in the 1960's, he took up the banner of
Arab-African unity, led by the Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser.

But today, Mr. Khatir finds himself wrestling with the gut-wrenching fact that,
in the past two years, 102 of his relatives have been killed in Darfur by those
he calls Arabs.

Yet in the end, Mr. Khatir, a writer and a member of the Darfur Writers and
Journalists Association, does not view this as a war between Arabs and
Africans. He blames it squarely on the government in Khartoum. Its leaders, he
says, have deliberately inflamed nascent ethnic divisions in a bid to stay in
power.

War broke out in western Sudan in early 2003, when a rebel insurrection,
frustrated by what it called the Sudan government's marginalization of Darfur,
demanded economic and political reforms.

The government swiftly struck back, deploying Arab militias across the region.

The violence has killed tens of thousands of people and displaced around 1.5
million.

Across Darfur, it was largely the villages of Africans that were torched, and
with some exceptions, it was largely tribes that call themselves African that
crowded into refugee camps or fled across the border to Chad.

The United States and others have accused the attackers of committing
"genocide," the systematic destruction of a national or ethnic group.

Juan Mendez, the United Nations Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide,
has said that crimes against humanity and war crimes "probably occurred on a
large and systematic scale."

The question is how does race or ethnicity fit in. For generations, race itself
has not been all that significant in Darfurian society.

People regularly referred to themselves by their tribe affiliation, and rarely
as just "Arab" or "African."

Arabs have been in the region for almost 1,000 years, and the term has been
used mostly to describe those who speak Arabic, as opposed to one of the dozens
of local languages, or to those who lead nomadic, not agricultural, existences.

"The implication that these are two different races, one indigenous and the
other not, is dangerous," said Mahmood Mamdani, director of the Institute of
African Studies at Columbia University.

But the Darfur crisis has laid bare an unspoken Arab-African fault line that
runs across this arid belt of Africa - from Mauritania in the west, to Sudan in
the east.

Racial consciousness is, in fact, embedded in the history of central Africa.

Sudan, for example, was once a center of the Arab slave trade.

In Mauritania, in West Africa, blackness, which was associated with slavery, is
today associated with servitude.

Referring to underlying racial division, Breyten Breytenbach, the South African
writer, said, "It is one of the most ambiguous problems and greatest taboos on
the continent."

What may have surprised everyone in Sudan was that as soon as the rebellion in
Darfur began, divisions were drawn. By and large it was Arab tribes in Darfur
that rallied to the government's side (some say in exchange for promises of
land and power), while the government's political opponents raised the African
banner and declared allegiance with the rebels.

Those lines could harden even more.

The racial character given to the fighting in Darfur by the government and the
rebels has found many willing listeners - and the appeal to racial solidarity
could extend itself to Chad or further afield to Niger or Mali, where the
competition between farmers and nomadic herders could turn even uglier.

"There's been a long-running effort to suppress recognition of racial tension,"
argued Salih Booker, executive director of Africa Action, a Washington-based
advocacy group. "It is something the continent has to grapple with."

But racial chauvinism, once let loose in a society, can be hard to put back in
the bottle. And its effects can be murderous.

It is foolish, said Mr. Khatir, for any Sudanese to consider himself an Arab.

"We are not Arabs, not Sudanese - not even those who are telling themselves
they are Arabs," he said.

"I am an African," he added, "who has absorbed Arab and Islamic culture. The
way I see it, our people, Arab tribes and African tribes, are victims of the
national policies of this government. We are all victims."
Robert Cohen - 04 Oct 2004 15:06 GMT
this angry essay i found in the l a times online discusses the wretched,
underpublicized darfur situation of which (apparently) AL JAZEERA etal
conveniently ignore & downplay

please show me some recent articles of substance about darfur in an
anti-zionist or moslem or arabic centric newspaper(s)

i have been posting about darfur, because i deem it appropos in the forming of
one's perspective about the complexities confronting jews & israel

copyrighted by los angeles times 2004

October 4, 2004   E-mail story    Print
 
COMMENTARY    
By Robert I. Rotberg, Robert I. Rotberg is director of the Kennedy School of
Government's Belfer Center Program on Intrastate Conflict at Harvard University
and president of the World Peace Foundation.

It is no longer a secret that more than 50,000 mostly black unfortunates have
been killed in Darfur, Sudan, and that several hundred thousand more are
refugees, lingering in forlorn camps within the nation or in neighboring Chad.
Yet the killing goes on. Even as the world watches, as many as 10,000 people
are continuing to die each month from combat and disease.

If the world wants to stop this continued genocide, Washington and the United
Nations need to squeeze Sudan much harder. The nice-guy approach is clearly not
working. The authoritarian Arab government of Sudan promised in July to rein in
its marauding vigilantes, the janjaweed, but their attacks persist. A supposed
cease-fire is violated daily.

U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan has urged the Security Council to vote strong
sanctions against Sudan. Never before has it been so essential, he declared,
for the U.N. to be resolute.

But China, Russia, Algeria and Pakistan (all members of the Security Council)
prefer to bring no pressure, and the Arab League and the African Union don't
want to be seen criticizing one of their member states.

Recently, the Security Council approved a weakened U.S. resolution that
authorized an unspecified commission to spend months determining whether Sudan
had really committed genocide. It also commended the deployment of African
Union monitors and threatened unspecified sanctions if Sudan continued to kill
its own people in the Darfur region. This is well and good, but it provides no
incentive for the Sudanese government to change its behavior. As in the Rwandan
genocide 10 years ago, the U.N. is found wanting.

Unless Washington obtains U.N. assent for robust action, it needs to act firmly
on its own, bolstered by the moral authority that comes from combating
genocide. Secretary of State Colin Powell has already declared the ongoing
ethnic cleansing in Darfur, Sudan's westernmost province, "genocide."

Washington should immediately offer to provide logistical support for a
significantly upgraded African Union force of monitors and soldiers.

Having tried to give Sudanese officials ample time to act responsibly, the
velvet-glove diplomatic initiatives should now be joined with the mailed fist
of hard sanctions. Washington must concentrate on those who back, fund and arm
the Arab janjaweed.

A blockade of petroleum exports would make the government in Khartoum pay
attention. U.N. Security Council approval of such a comprehensive embargo would
be preferable, but the Chinese, who purchase much of Sudan's oil, might make
that difficult.

Oil is Sudan's only significant source of foreign exchange. It earns about $1
billion a year, pumping 250,000 barrels a day. If the U.S. can patrol the
Persian Gulf, it can easily prevent tankers from taking on crude oil supplies
at Port Sudan on the Red Sea.

Washington should also persuade Sudan's neighbors — including Egypt and Libya
— and Europe to ban overflights and landings by Sudan Airways. It could veto
International Monetary Fund and World Bank assistance. It could ban travel to
the U.S. from Sudan and freeze all assets of President Omar Hassan Ahmed Bashir
and his key associates in the U.S.

U.S. trade with Sudan could be halted.

If blockades and other sanctions fail to turn the Sudanese government toward
peace, then the U.N. and the U.S. will have to threaten intervention. A few
thousand Nigerian or French troops could certainly impose the cease-fire that
the Sudanese government and its janjaweed proxies now refuse to honor. The
French already have Legionnaires in neighboring Chad; with American assistance,
the Nigerians could fly soldiers from their own Muslim north across Chad and
into Darfur.

No one has really explained why Sudan launched its genocidal campaign 19 months
ago, and why it has refused to curb its local militias there. But rumors of
petroleum deposits are persistent, and the government does not want to share
any such riches with Darfur's two rebel groups. The government is determined
not to lose ground, as it did in the years-long fighting in the oil-rich south,
to a rebel insurgency. But all of these understandable anxieties cannot excuse
genocide.

Having dithered for more than a year before focusing on the human tragedy in
Darfur, the forces of world order are now obligated to act, preferably under
U.N. authority or, if not, Washington should do so alone.



Robert Cohen - 04 Oct 2004 21:20 GMT
http://nypost.com/news/worldnews/31235.htm

non-jaded reactions to the above allegations:

i'm shocked, shocked

ripping-off the u.n.'s food/money meant for the hungry/poor wasn't
very nice

such kinds of activities surely couldn't be too widespread in any case

and if any cross-border smuggling is happening today, then AL JEEZERA
would publish about it, and the perpetrators duly arrested and
prosecuted
Robert Cohen - 10 Oct 2004 18:15 GMT
re: what historians, philosophers, economists, polisci majors and each of us
may do when analyzing ugly conflict phenomena

here's nat hentoff's apparent "marxist analysis" of darfur hell

is it indeed a "marxian analysis," or a narrow,  convenient way to glibly
project one's natural greediness & other personal failings & limitation of
intellect upon international perfidy & mega corporations ?

http://www.villagevoice.com/hentoff/
Robert Cohen - 11 Oct 2004 01:04 GMT
according to a video report by SIXTY MINUTES, it is (at least partly) indeed
actual "racial genocide"

as the people of darfur are slaughtered-raped,  they are simultaneously
subjected to  racialist taunting by the executioners-rapists, according to a
SIXTY MINUTES interviewee in chad

let me repeat the original self-interested reason i started posting about the
sudan

the zionists have been declared as racialists at the official un durban meeting

so far as i know, no arabic nationalist state nor islamic-arabic movement has
been declared as "racist" by the un general assembly or at  a un sponsored
meeting

if i am incorrect/distorting/over-simplifying, then please tell me which arabic
states and/or movements have been declared as being racialist by the un general
assembly

until advised otherwise, it's the united nations general assembly of
hypocritical defamation

"ethnic cleansing" does not really indicate the racialist element involved in
this "darfur genocide," and i further suggest that black america (in general)
is unaware of the on-going racialist murder-rape situation of the sudan
Karl W. - 11 Oct 2004 10:11 GMT
Karl Rove's White House " Murder, Inc."

By Wayne Madsen .
Online Journal Contributing Writer .

OCT, 2004- On September 15, 2001, just four days after the 9-11 attacks,
CIA Director George Tenet provided President [sic] Bush with a Top Secret
"Worldwide Attack Matrix"-a virtual license to kill targets deemed to be a
threat to the United States in some 80 countries around the world. The Tenet
plan, which was subsequently approved by Bush, essentially reversed the
executive orders of four previous U.S. administrations that expressly
prohibited political assassinations.

According to high level European intelligence officials, Bush's counselor,
Karl Rove, used the new presidential authority to silence a popular Lebanese
Christian politician who was planning to offer irrefutable evidence that
Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon authorized the massacre of hundreds of
Palestinian men, women, and children in the Beirut refugee camps of Sabra
and Shatilla in 1982. In addition, Sharon provided the Lebanese forces who
carried out the grisly task. At the time of the massacres, Elie Hobeika was
intelligence chief of Lebanese Christian forces in Lebanon who were battling
Palestinians and other Muslim groups in a bloody civil war. He was also the
chief liaison to Israeli Defense Force (IDF) personnel in Lebanon. An
official Israeli inquiry into the massacre at the camps, the Kahan
Commission, merely found Sharon "indirectly" responsible for the slaughter
and fingered Hobeika as the chief instigator.

The Kahan Commission never called on Hobeika to offer testimony in his
defense. However, in response to charges brought against Sharon before a
special war crimes court in Belgium, Hobeika was urged to testify against
Sharon, according to well-informed Lebanese sources. Hobeika was prepared to
offer a different version of events than what was contained in the Kahan
report. A 1993 Belgian law permitting human rights prosecutions was unusual
in that non-Belgians could be tried for violations against other
non-Belgians in a Belgian court. Under pressure from the Bush
administration, the law was severely amended and the extra territoriality
provisions were curtailed.

Hobeika headed the Lebanese forces intelligence agency since the mid- 1970s
and he soon developed close ties to the CIA. He was a frequent visitor to
the CIA's headquarters at Langley, Virginia. After the Syrian invasion of
Lebanon in 1990, Hobeika held a number of cabinet positions in the Lebanese
government, a proxy for the Syrian occupation authorities. He also served in
the parliament. In July 2001, Hobeika called a press conference and
announced he was prepared to testify against Sharon in Belgium and revealed
that he had evidence of what actually occurred in Sabra and Shatilla.
Hobeika also indicated that Israel had flown members of the South Lebanon
Army (SLA) into Beirut International Airport in an Israeli Air Force C130
transport plane. In full view of dozens of witnesses, including members of
the Lebanese army and others, SLA troops under the command of Major Saad
Haddad were slipped into the camps to commit the massacres. The SLA troops
were under the direct command of Ariel Sharon and an Israeli Mossad agent
provocateur named Rafi Eitan. Hobeika offered evidence that a former U.S.
ambassador to Lebanon was aware of the Israeli plot. In addition, the IDF
had placed a camera in a strategic position to film the Sabra and Shatilla
massacres. Hobeika was going to ask that the footage be released as part of
the investigation of Sharon.

After announcing he was willing to testify against Sharon, Hobeika became
fearful for his safety and began moves to leave Lebanon. Hobeika was not
aware that his threats to testify against Sharon had triggered a series of
fateful events that reached well into the White House and Sharon's office.

On January 24, 2002, Hobeika's car was blown up by a remote controlled bomb
placed in a parked Mercedes along a street in the Hazmieh section of Beirut.
The bomb exploded when Hobeika and his three associates, Fares Souweidan,
Mitri Ajram, and Waleed Zein, were driving their Range Rover past the
TNT-laden Mercedes at 9:40 am Beirut time. The Range Rover's four passengers
were killed in the explosion. In case Hobeika's car had taken another route

through the neighborhood, two additional parked cars, located at two other
choke points, were also rigged with TNT. The powerful bomb wounded a number
of other people on the street. Other parked cars were destroyed and
buildings and homes were damaged. The Lebanese president, prime minister,
and interior minister all claimed that Israeli agents were behind the
attack.

It is noteworthy that the State Department's list of global terrorist
incidents for 2002 worldwide failed to list the car bombing attack on
Hobeika and his party. The White House wanted to ensure the attack was
censored from the report. The reason was simple: the attack ultimately had
Washington's fingerprints on it.

High level European intelligence sources now report that Karl Rove
personally coordinated Hobeika's assassination. The hit on Hobeika employed
Syrian intelligence agents. Syrian President Bashar Assad was trying to
curry favor with the Bush administration in the aftermath of 9-11 and was
more than willing to help the White House. In addition, Assad's father,
Hafez Assad, had been an ally of Bush's father during Desert Storm, a period
that saw Washington give a "wink and a nod" to Syria's occupation of
Lebanon. Rove wanted to help Sharon avoid any political embarrassment from
an in absentia trial in Brussels where Hobeika would be a star witness. Rove
and Sharon agreed on the plan to use Syrian Military Intelligence agents to
assassinate Hobeika. Rove saw Sharon as an indispensable ally of Bush in
ensuring the loyalty of the Christian evangelical and Jewish voting blocs in
the United States. Sharon saw the plan to have the United States coordinate
the hit as a way to mask all connections to Jerusalem.

The Syrian hit team was ordered by Assef Shawkat, the number two man in
Syrian military intelligence and a good friend and brother in law of Syrian
President Bashar Assad. Assad's intelligence services had already cooperated
with U.S. intelligence in resorting to unconventional methods to extract
information from al Qaeda detainees deported to Syria from the United States
and other countries in the wake of 9-11. The order to take out Hobeika was
transmitted by Shawkat to Roustom Ghazali, the head of Syrian military
intelligence in Beirut. Ghazali arranged for the three remote controlled
cars to be parked along Hobeika's route in Hazmieh; only few hundred yards
from the Barracks of Syrian Special Forces which are stationed in the area
near the Presidential palace , the ministry of Defense and various
Government and officers quarters . This particular area is covered 24/7 by a
very sophisticated USA multi-agency surveillance system to monitor Syrian
and Lebanese security activities and is a " Choice " area to live in for its
perceived high security .... [Courtesy of the Special Collections Services.]
... SCS... ; CIA & NSA & DIA....

The plan to kill Hobeika had all the necessary caveats and built-in denial
mechanisms. If the Syrians were discovered beforehand or afterwards, Karl
Rove and his associates in the Pentagon's Office of Special Plans would be
ensured plausible deniability.

Hobeika's CIA intermediary in Beirut, a man only referred to as "Jason" by
Hobeika, was a frequent companion of the Lebanese politician during official
and off-duty hours. During Hobeika's election campaigns for his
parliamentary seat, Jason was often in Hobeika's office offering support and
advice. After Hobeika's assassination, Jason became despondent over the
death of his colleague. Eventually, Jason disappeared abruptly from Lebanon
and reportedly later emerged in Pakistan.

Karl Rove's involvement in the assassination of Hobeika may not have been
the last "hit" he ordered to help out Sharon. In March 2002, a few months
after Hobeika's assassination, another Lebanese Christian with knowledge of
Sharon's involvement in the Sabra and Shatilla massacres was gunned down
along with his wife in Sao Paulo, Brazil. A bullet fired at Michael Nassar's
car flattened one of his tires. Nassar pulled into a gasoline station for
repairs. A professional assassin, firing a gun with a silencer, shot Nassar
and his wife in the head, killing them both instantly. The assailant fled
and was never captured. Nassar was also involved with the Phalange militia
at Sabra and Shatilla. Nassar was also reportedly willing to testify against
Sharon in Belgium and, as a nephew of SLA Commander General Antoine Lahd,
may have had important evidence to bolster Hobeika's charge that Sharon
ordered SLA forces into the camps to wipe out the Palestinians.

Based on what European intelligence claims is concrete intelligence on
Rove's involvement in the assassination of Hobeika, the Bush administration
can now add political assassination to its laundry list of other misdeeds,
from lying about the reasons to go to war to the torture tactics in
violation of the Geneva Conventions that have been employed by the Pentagon
and "third country" nationals at prisons in Iraq and Guantanamo Bay.

Wayne Madsen is a Washington, DC-based investigative journalist and
columnist. He served in the National Security Agency (NSA) during the Reagan
administration and wrote the introduction to Forbidden Truth. He is the
co-author, with John Stanton, of "America's Nightmare: The Presidency of
George Bush II." His forthcoming book is titled: "Jaded Tasks: Big Oil,
Black Ops, and Brass Plates." Madsen can be reached at:
WMadsen777@aol.com

This is some of the evidence for you and for the World ....
*********************************************

~~~encrypted/logs/access ~~~

Not to mention hundreds of private companies and governments. Anyway...
*********************************************************

Lines 10-36
of my logfiles show a lot of interest in this article:

# grep sid=1052 /encrypted/logs/access_log|awk '{print $1,$7}'|sed -n
'10,36p'

spb-213-33-248-190.sovintel.ru /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
ext1.shape.nato.int /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
server1.namsa.nato.int /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
ns1.saclantc.nato.int /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
bxlproxyb.europarl.eu.int /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
wdcsun18.usdoj.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
wdcsun21.usdoj.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
tcs-gateway11.treas.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
tcs-gateway13.treas.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
relay1.ucia.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
relay2.cia.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
relay2.ucia.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
n021.dhs.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
legion.dera.gov.uk /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
gateway-fincen.uscg.mil /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
crawler2.googlebot.com /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
crawler1.googlebot.com /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
gateway101.gsi.gov.uk /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
gate11-quantico.nmci.usmc.mil /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
gate13-quantico.nmci.usmc.mil /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
fw1-a.osis.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
crawler13.googlebot.com /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
fw1-b.osis.gov /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
bouncer.nics.gov.uk /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
beluha.ssu.gov.ua /modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052
zukprxpro02.zreo.compaq.com
/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1052....

To be continued ....For Decades.!!!!!

HOLLYWOOD FL.... ATTA & Aris2F...Dis...ney...
DENVER CO...
ART STUDENTS...
MOVERS- INC.@ORG.IL
Lakam & LAPAM ...Mr.X. MEGA....Feith, woolfowitz...Perle, Maaloof, etc.
OSP, SCS, DIA, M.I. etc....
Etc. Etc.

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Robert Cohen - 10 Oct 2004 18:24 GMT
more hentoff/more reeves

(i correct a mis-statement: so far as i know from readings/tv news, colin
powell did not use the explicit phrase "racial genocide," it was my
interpretation of powell's overall statement)

http://www.villagevoice.com/issues/0439/hentoff.php
Robert Cohen - 21 Oct 2004 01:32 GMT
Wednesday night, 20 oct 04

SIXTY MINUTES is running another mini-documentary about Sudan

Bob Simon is the narrator

www.cbs.com

My point:  it is important in the understanding of political current affairs
and poltical history that some very awful phenomena are ignored while others
are emphasized to influence negative "world opinion" about zionism

The ugly Palestine-Israel mess--imho--pales in comparison in degree of on-going
depravity-persecution-cruelty-force-death

The Arab-Moslem media/society (apparently) finds it ... convenient & easy to
trash or condemn Israel and to simply  ignore or to de-emphasize Sudan-Darfur

Everything I post is duly subject to criticism and correction, and I  encourage
the reader to post links/articles about the on-going situation in Sudan  from
the Arabic and/or Moslem media/press

Such would be the  newspaper or other medium that I'd have to grudgingly
respect

would you agree with such a seat-of-the-pants standard?

thus, enlighten me, please

meanwhile, please see <haaretz.com> for Israeli news & criticisms about the
Israel--Palestine situation


Robert Cohen - 24 Oct 2004 13:25 GMT
well, what is reality, and how does/can one know?

isn't it so much about the news & the inherent/implied propaganda that one is
constantly exposed to?

"there is an on-going joint dynamic construction/reinforcement of cultural
reality," as a semi-lucid professor of philosophy would say

tom friedman doesn't mention "sudan" this morning (if you wanna be
informed/depressed, see the whole column)

(because his overall subject today is more worse)

"This wider trend has been fanned by Arab satellite TV stations, which
deliberately show split-screen images of Israelis bashing Palestinians and U.S.
forces bashing the Iraqi insurgents. The trend has also been encouraged by some
mosque preachers looking to explain away all the Arab world's ills by wrapping
all the Satans together into JIA. This trend has been helped by the ... "

is there a bottomline here?

press & tv emphasis drive reality(ies),
and  such has been very bad for darfur
Robert Cohen - 27 Oct 2004 02:13 GMT
here is another unpleasant reality/situation, apparently getting relatively
sparse coverage, although i have not yet seen any of the major u.s. network tv
news programs tonight (hope to see some later via tivo, b-t-w a vunderful
thing)

bottomline: the medium is often the overwhelming message, meaning that  the
coverages or emphases by news media definitely influence/change
public/political opinion(s)

in the ole soviet union, as far as i can surmise, the "media" were
duly-primarily thought of as "propaganda,:" and perhaps such is a valid ...
connotation/semantic in the rest of the world as wll (including to an extent
the much relatively freer press u.s.a.)
Robert Cohen - 27 Oct 2004 02:20 GMT
i am referring in previous note to this apparently relatively underplayed
news/article/awfulness

copyrighted by the ny times 2004

78 Arrested in Thai Protests Suffocate in Crowded Trucks
By SETH MYDANS
Published: October 27, 2004
BANGKOK, Oct. 26 - At least 78 people died from suffocation while being
transported in overcrowded military trucks after a violent demonstration in
Thailand's largely Muslim south, officials said Tuesday.

Six others were shot to death and about 20 were wounded during the
demonstration on Monday when the police fired live rounds as well as water
cannons and tear gas into wild, rock-throwing crowds, witnesses and officials
said.

It was the latest surge in violence in the increasingly restive region, where
the government has opted for strong-arm measures to quell what seems to be a
rising tide of anger and militancy.

Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra appeared to have little sympathy for the
victims. Referring to the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, which is under way, he
said: "This is typical. It's about bodies made weak from fasting. Nobody hurt
them."

Though he has blamed bandits and drug runners in the past, he now points the
finger at separatists.

"We cannot allow these people to harass innocent people and authorities any
longer," he said, adding, "We have no choice but to use force to suppress
them."

The deaths occurred when the detainees were taken in trucks on a five-hour
journey to a military barracks in Pattani Province, Maj. Gen. Sinchai Nutsatit
said at a news conference. He said more than 1,300 people were packed into
six-wheeled trucks, but did not say how many trucks were involved.

An army spokesman, Akom Pongprom, confirmed the toll to reporters and said the
cause was suffocation.

A forensic pathologist, Pornthip Rojansunan, said at a news conference in
Pattani that 80 percent of the victims had died because they could not breathe,
according to news agency reports.

"We didn't find any bodies with broken arms or legs, but two or three of them
had broken necks, which may have occurred during transportation," she said.

Reporters were barred from the area and did not see the loading of detainees
into the trucks. Prisoners were seen earlier lying in rows on the ground,
stripped of their shirts, with their hands tied behind their backs.

The volatility of Thailand's deep south was underscored by the relatively minor
grievance that brought a furious crowd estimated at up to 2,000 into the
streets in Narathiwat Province. Their demand was the release from police
detention of six men arrested on suspicion of selling weapons to Muslim
fighters.

Plans for a rally had apparently been under way and security officials had
prepared for it, Siwa Saengmanee, a senior official of the Interior Ministry,
told a Bangkok radio station. "If we had not set up roadblocks on various
highways, there could have been 10,000 people there," he said.

Most of Thailand's Muslims, who make up about 10 percent of its largely
Buddhist population of 63 million, live in the southern region, which for years
has felt neglected and disparaged by the distant central government.

The region was in earlier centuries the Pattani Sultanate, a center of Muslim
culture. It was annexed by Thailand in 1902, but there have been only periodic
efforts to integrate it into the cultural and economic mainstream of the
country.

The three southernmost provinces, Narathiwat, Yala and Pattani, have large
populations of Malay speakers and have more in common with the people of
neighboring Malaysia than with those of the distant capital, Bangkok.

Hundreds of people have been killed there this year, including 107 men, most of
them armed only with machetes, who were shot and killed on April 28 when they
attacked police outposts and other targets. Many were killed in an assault by
government forces on a mosque.

On Jan. 4, more than 100 attackers raided a military depot, killed four
soldiers and stole up to 400 firearms in an operation whose meticulous planning
and execution led to suspicions of outside training and participation.

Members of Jemaah Islamiyah, a regional Islamist group with links to Al Qaeda,
are known to have passed through southern Thailand, but no evidence has been
shown of their involvement. Thai authorities have recently focused on militant
Muslim preachers as a cause of the unrest.

The almost daily attacks continued Tuesday as gunmen on motorcycles wounded six
people in separate incidents in Narathiwat Province.

The attacks have mostly been directed against soldiers, police officers,
teachers, suspected informers and Buddhist monks. Small bombs have been set off
and dozens of schools have been burned. One more school was burned Monday
night, after the demonstration.

Southern Thailand has been plagued with violence for years, involving military
and police rivalries, political feuds, smugglers, drug runners and criminal
syndicates.

Increasingly, the unrest has been driven by a rise in Muslim radicalism as well
as a revival of a dormant separatist movement, experts say. Now, after months
of brutality, anger and revenge are an added motive.

Robert Cohen - 31 Oct 2004 23:15 GMT
hmmmm, i see this booger in the ny times, though not yet in my local atlanta
journal-constitution, while it may be in there by now too

is it being reported in the arab/moslem media? i'm curious, and i suppose it
would be (?) why wouldn't it (?)

i betcha that the communist chinese media report every awful-ugly thing that
happens in israel--palestine, and especially whatever is slanted in israel's
disfavor

copyrighted by the ny times 2004

Ethnic Clashes Erupt in China, Leaving 150 Dead
By JOSEPH KAHN

Published: October 31, 2004

BEIJING, Oct. 31 - Violent clashes between members of the Muslim Hui ethnic
group and the majority Han group left nearly 150 people dead and forced
authorities to declare martial law in a section of Henan Province in central
China, journalists and witnesses in the region said today.

The fighting flared late last week and continued into the weekend after a Hui
taxi driver fatally struck a 6-year-old Han girl, prompting recriminations
between different ethnic groups in neighboring villages, these people said.

One person who was briefed on the incident by the police said that 148 people
had been killed, including 18 police officers sent to quell the violence.

Chinese media have reported nothing about unrest in Henan. But a news blackout
would not be unusual, as propaganda authorities routinely suppress information
about ethnic tensions.

Although most Chinese belong to the dominant Han ethnic group, the country has
55 other groups, including several Muslim minorities and others who have ties
to Tibet, Southeast Asia, Korea and Mongolia.

Ethnic Muslim Uighurs in China's northwestern region of Xinjiang have led
sporadic uprisings against Chinese rule and authorities maintain a heavy police
presence there to prevent an Islamic insurgency.

Hui Muslims, scattered in several provinces in the central and Western part of
the country, are more integrated and generally are not considered a threat to
social stability.

But outbreaks of Hui unrest were not uncommon in the 1980's and tensions can
bubble to the surface after even minor provocations.

Many Hui areas remain economically impoverished despite rapid economic growth
in China's urban and coastal regions, and some members of minority groups say
the Han-dominated government does little to steer prosperity to them.

Friday's road accident set off large-scale fighting after relatives, friends
and fellow villagers of the young victim, most of them Han, traveled to the
taxi driver's village, home mainly to Hui, to demand compensation.

The rival villagers failed to settle their dispute, which quickly grew to
involve thousands of people in Zhongmou County, located between the cities of
Zhengzhou and Kaifeng, according to two accounts of the incident.

Local police failed to contain the unrest and authorities deployed the
quasi-military People's Armed Police to restore order. Martial law was declared
over the weekend, people in the area said, adding that the situation has since
stabilized.

One person briefed about the clashes said that authorities may have been
particularly alarmed after police stopped a 17-truck convoy carrying Hui men to
the area from other counties and provinces as it passed through Qi County, near
Zhongmou. Road blocks were set up on major roads in the area and some bus
services were halted.

The incident suggests that word of the violence may have spread through a
network of Hui and perhaps other Muslim groups and that mutual support among
them is relatively strong. But the details were sketchy and difficult to
confirm.

A police officer who answered the phone in the Zhongmou County public security
office tonight declined to comment on the matter.

China's countryside and second-tier cities are rife with unrest among peasants
and workers complaining about corruption, unpaid wages and a host of other
issues. Violent protests, once extremely rare in the authoritarian country, now
are frequent occurrences.

Last week rioters looted and set fire to police cars and a government building
in Wanzhou, Chongqing, after an argument among several people triggered a mass
riot involving as many as 10,000, residents, Western news agencies reported.

The uprising came after one local resident identified himself - apparently
falsely - as a government official and beat another man who offended him,
prompting numerous bystanders to spread the word that a local official had
abused his authority.

Chris Buckley contributed reporting from Beijing for this article.
 
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